{"id":982,"date":"2007-03-06T06:00:25","date_gmt":"2007-03-06T04:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/?p=982"},"modified":"2007-03-05T21:01:55","modified_gmt":"2007-03-05T19:01:55","slug":"show-me-your-prefrontal-cortex","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/?p=982","title":{"rendered":"show me your prefrontal cortex"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><center><img id=\"image981\" src=\"http:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/wp-content\/2007\/03\/MRI_head_side.jpg\" alt=\"MRI_head_side.jpg\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Together with collegues from London and Tokyo neuroscientist John-Dylan Haynes did an experiment (however up to now only with 21 test persons as it seems), where a person had to choose wether he\/she wanted either to add or to substract two numbers. And even before the test persons saw the numbers and before they started to compute it was possible &#8211; by using a <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mri\">MRI<\/a> brain scan &#8211; to tell with a 70% chance, what kind of desicion the person was going to make, or in other words: using the MRI the scientists could &#8220;read the mind&#8221; of the test persons (with a 70% chance). Freely chosen decisions are usually happening in the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prefrontal_cortex\">prefrontal cortex<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><\/br><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nThe trick by which the invisible is made visible lies in a new method called &#8220;multivariate pattern recognition&#8221;. A computer<br \/>\nis programmed to recognize characteristic activation patterns in the brain that typically occur in association<br \/>\nwith specific thoughts. Once this computer has been &#8220;trained&#8221; it can be used to predict the decisions of<br \/>\nsubjects from their brain activity alone. An important technical innovation also lies in combining information<br \/>\nacross extended regions of the brain to strongly increase sensitivity.<\/p>\n<p>The study also reveals fundamental principles about the way the brain stores intentions. &#8220;The experiments<br \/>\nshow that intentions are not encoded in single neurons but in a whole spatial pattern of brain activity&#8221;, says<br \/>\nHaynes. They furthermore reveal that different regions of the prefrontal cortex perform different operations.<br \/>\nRegions towards the front of the brain store the intention until it is executed, whereas regions further back<br \/>\ntake over when subjects become active and start doing the calculation. &#8220;Intentions for future actions that are<br \/>\nencoded in one part of the brain need to be copied to a different region to be executed&#8221;, says Haynes.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>quote from the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mpg.de\/english\/illustrationsDocumentation\/documentation\/pressReleases\/2007\/pressRelease20070206\/genPDF.pdf\">Press release of Max Planck Society<\/a>.<br \/>\n->german press release of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bernstein-zentren.de\/de\/392.php\">bernstein zentrum<\/a><br \/>\n-> <a href=\"http:\/\/news.wired.com\/dynamic\/stories\/R\/READING_MINDS?SITE=WIRE&#038;SECTION=HOME&#038;TEMPLATE=DEFAULT\">article on wired<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Together with collegues from London and Tokyo neuroscientist John-Dylan Haynes did an experiment (however up to now only with 21 test persons as it seems), where a person had to choose wether he\/she wanted either to add or to substract two numbers. And even before the test persons saw the numbers and before they started [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[24,21,7,6,17,1,14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.randform.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}